Works Cited
Adelman, Jeremy. “Early Doukhobor Experience on the Canadian Prairies.” Doukhobor Heritage. Accessed August 3, 2023. https://doukhobor.org/early-doukhobor-experience-on-the-canadian-prairies/.
Berikoff, Ahna. Doukhobor Life in Canada – Episode 1: Origins in Russia. Doukhobor Life in Canada, 2022. https://doukhoborlife.ca/.
Blakemore, William. Report of Royal Commission on Matters Relating to the Sect of Doukhobors in the Province of British Columbia. Victoria, BC: William H. Cullin, 1912.
The Community Regulation Act : An Act to make Provision for the Welfare and Protection of Women and Children living under Communal Conditions., 1914. https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/hstats/hstats/325425003.
The Daily News . April 4, 1914.
The Daily News, January 2, 1923.
The Daily News, May 2, 1919.
“Doukhobor Suspension Bridge National Historic Site of Canada.” Parks Canada – Directory of Federal Heritage Designations. Accessed August 3, 2023. https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_nhs_eng.aspx?id=848#:~:text=The%20Doukhobor%20Suspension%20Bridge%20provided,their%20leader%2C%20Peter%20Vasilevich%20Verigin.
Enderby Press and Walker’s Weekly, July 13, 1916.
Evalenko, Alexander M. The Message of the Doukhobors : a statement of true facts by “Christians of the universal brotherhood” and by prominent champions of their cause. New York, New York: The International Library Publishing Co., 1913.
Herzen, Alexander Ivanovich. “The Novgorod Doukhobor Elder, 1796.” Doukhobor Heritage, February 22, 2022. https://doukhobor.org/the-novgorod-doukhobor-elder-1796/.
Inikova, Svetlana A. “Leo Tolstoy’s Teachings and the Sons of Freedom in Canada.” Doukhobor Heritage. Accessed August 3, 2023. https://doukhobor.org/leo-tolstoys-teachings-and-the-sons-of-freedom-in-canada/.
Janzen, William. “Forced Doukhobor Schooling in British Columbia.” Doukhobor Heritage. Accessed August 3, 2023. https://doukhobor.org/forced-doukhobor-schooling-in-british-columbia/#:~:text=The%20Doukhobors’%20first%20contact%20with,They%20then%20complied%20without%20complaint.
Kalmakoff, Jonathan J. “Doukhobors Made Jam, Not War.” Doukhobor Heritage. Accessed August 3, 2023. https://doukhobor.org/doukhobors-made-jam-not-war/.
Matthew , McRae. “The Chaotic Story of the Right to Vote in Canada.” Canadian Museum for Human Rights, September 12, 2019. https://humanrights.ca/story/the-chaotic-story-of-the-right-to-vote-in-canada.
Maude, Aylmer. A peculiar people : the Doukhobórs. London, England: A. Constable, 1970.
The New Westminster News, April 1, 1914.
Prahl, Amanda. “Biography of Leo Tolstoy, Influential Russian Writer.” ThoughtCo, October 29, 2019. https://www.thoughtco.com/biography-of-leo-tolstoy-4773774#:~:text=Leo%20Tolstoy%20(September%209%2C%201828,more%20moral%20and%20spiritual%20works.
The Princeton Star, May 1, 1923.
Image Sources
Journey to the Kootenays Article –
Cover Image Credit: Doukhobors / Library and Archives Canada / C-005208
S.S. LAKE HURON Credit: Library and Archives Canada / PA-022228
Village of Vosnesenya Credit: Library and Archives Canada / C-000683
Women Pulling Plow Credit: Library and Archives Canada/C-000681
Doukhobor Pilgrims Credit: Thomas Veitch Simpson/Library and Archives Canada/C-014077
Doukhobor Land Rush Credit: Canada. Dept. of the Interior / Library and Archives Canada / PA-022232
All other images are courtesy of The Shawn Lamb Archives at the Nelson Museum, Archives & Gallery.